Education and work

Description

• Highest year of school completed by Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.


• Highest year of school completed by non-Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.

Level of school completion: year 12 or equivalent, year 11 or equivalent, year 10 or equivalent, year 9 or below.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016 (ABS 2016)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people for whom information on highest year of school completed was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019). Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Canberra: ABS.

Description

• Highest non-school qualification completed by Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.


• Highest non-school qualification completed by non-Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.

Level of non-school qualification: bachelor degree or above, advanced diploma or diploma, certificate-level.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG).

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose level of non-school qualification was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

• Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over that had completed Year 12 or above, including non-school qualifications from Certificate III & IV Level and above.


• Percentage of non-Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over that had completed Year 12 or above, including non-school qualifications from Certificate III & IV Level and above.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose level of non-school qualification was not stated or inadequately described. Denominator for the percentages also excludes certain people for whom information on highest year of school completed was not stated—those whose highest level of non-school qualification was Certificate I, II or not further defined.


• Note that the derivation of this measure differs slightly from that used to measure Year 12 completion (or equivalent) for the National Agreement on Closing the Gap.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Understanding the Census and Census Data, Australia , 2016, November 2017: ABS cat. no. 2900.0. Viewed 18 May 2021.

Description

Estimated resident population of Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over.

Data period

30 June 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016 census-based estimated resident population (ERP) data (2016 Census-based at 30 June 2016)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

N/A

Notes

• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• The extent of undercoverage of Indigenous Australians in the 2016 Census, together with the relatively small sample size of the Post Enumeration Survey to adjust for that undercoverage, means the estimates (ERPs) should be interpreted with a degree of caution.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Estimates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, June 2016: ABS cat. no. 3238.0.55.001. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

Percentage of Australians aged 15–64 who were in the labour force.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016 (ABS 2016)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The labour force is made up of all people who are employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).


• Denominator for the percentages excludes people aged 15–64 whose labour force status was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• The extent of undercoverage of Indigenous Australians in the 2016 Census, together with the relatively small sample size of the Post Enumeration Survey to adjust for that undercoverage, means the estimates (ERPs) should be interpreted with a degree of caution.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no.2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS.

Description

• Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15–64 who were in the labour force by sex.


• Percentage of non-Indigenous Australians aged 15–64 who were in the labour force by sex.

Sex categories: females, males, persons

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data sources

• Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016 census-based estimated resident population (ERP) data (2016 Census-based at 30 June 2016) for the following region types: Indigenous Regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia


• ERP data by age were not available for all region types. In the absence of these estimates, ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing counts have been used for the following region types: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE).

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: SA2, SA3, SA4, States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: ILOC, IARE, IREG

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The labour force is made up of all people who are employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).


• Denominator for the percentages excludes people aged 15–64 whose labour force status was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• The extent of undercoverage of Indigenous Australians in the 2016 Census, together with the relatively small sample size of the Post Enumeration Survey to adjust for that undercoverage, means the estimates (ERPs) should be interpreted with a degree of caution.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15–64 in the labour force by age: 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The labour force is made up of all people who are employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).


• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose labour force status was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Description

• The unemployment rate among Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over who were in labour force.


• The unemployment rate among non-Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over who were in labour force.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The unemployment rate is the percentage of the labour force that is measured as unemployed. The labour force is a measure of the economically active population, that is, employed people plus unemployed people.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Description

• Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over whose personal weekly income falls in the specified weekly income category.


• Percentage of non-Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over whose personal weekly income falls in the specified weekly income category.

Weekly income categories: Nil or negative, $1-$299, $300-$499, $500-$799, $800+.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose information on personal income was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Understanding the Census and Census Data, Australia , 2016, November 2017: ABS cat. no. 2900.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

Description

Median personal weekly income for Indigenous Australians aged 15 years and over

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

N/A

Notes

All persons who interacted with the Australian taxation system for the 2011-12 to 2017-18 financial years and for whom personal income is identified.

This includes persons who have lodged Individual Tax Returns (ITR) within 16 months of the end of the financial year or who received Pay As You Go (PAYG) payment summaries from an employer in that year.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Understanding the Census and Census Data, Australia , 2016, November 2017: ABS cat. no. 2900.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

ABS 2020. Personal Income in Australia methodology 2020, Canberra: ABS. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Measure: Employment by occupation

Description

Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over who were employed by type of occupation: managers, professionals, technicians/trade, community/personal service, clerical/admin, sales, machinery operators/drivers, labourers.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians aged less than 15 year old and those aged 15 and over whose information on occupation category was not stated or adequately described.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016, ABS cat. no.2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.