Previous technical notes

Description

• Estimated Resident Population of Indigenous Australians


• Estimated Resident Population of Indigenous Australians as a percentage of the total Estimated Resident Population

Data period

30 June 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Estimated Resident Population (ERP) (2016 Census based)

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) analysis of ERP and Census counts (2016 Census based) (for Indigenous Areas only)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rule

Data for percentages have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

The denominator for the percentage is total number of Australians.

Population estimates for SA2, SA3, IREG, States and Territories and Australia are sourced from an ABS publication (ABS 2018b). These are Estimated Resident Population (ERP) data based on results of the 2016 Census of Population and Housing, with adjustments for net undercount as measured by the Post Enumeration Survey.

Population estimates for IAREs were produced by the AIHW using ERP data and Census counts from the ABS. IARE populations were estimated using Bayesian smoothing of Census counts, followed by iterative proportional fitting to the available ERP data using population correspondences.

The Estimated Resident Population (ERP) is the official measure of the population of Australia, and is based on the concept of usual residence. It refers to all people, regardless of nationality, citizenship or legal status, who usually live in Australia, with the exception of foreign diplomatic personnel and their families. The ERP includes usual residents who are overseas for less than 12 months and excludes overseas visitors who are in Australia for less than 12 months (ABS 2016). 

The total estimated resident Indigenous population in Australia at 30 June 2016 was 798,400—comprising 649,200 people counted on Census night, plus 138,000 measured as net undercount, and an additional adjustment of 11,200 people (see ABS 2018b for details).

The extent of undercoverage of Indigenous Australians in the 2016 Census, together with the relatively small sample size of the Post Enumeration Survey to adjust for that undercoverage, means the estimates should be interpreted with a degree of caution (ABS 2018b).

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Indigenous identification

The Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander population of Australia comprises people who are: of Aboriginal origin; Torres Strait Islander origin; or both Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin.

The ERP data are based primarily on the 2016 Census of Population and Housing. A person's Indigenous status is determined by their response to the ABS Standard Indigenous Question: "Are you of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin?" for which categories are:

• No


• Yes, Aboriginal


• Yes, Torres Strait Islander

This question also allows respondents to report that they are both 'Aboriginal' and 'Torres Strait Islander' if that is how they identify.

While the Census aims to obtain a complete count of the number of people in Australia, some people are missed. In obtaining a count of the Indigenous population, an additional issue for those who were counted in the Census is that Indigenous status is sometimes not stated. In the 2016 Census, Indigenous status was not stated for 6% of people.

The ABS conducts a Post Enumeration Survey after each Census to measure Census coverage. Based on this, the ABS estimated that the net undercount in the 2016 Census was 17.5% for the Indigenous population, and 1.0% for the total population (ABS 2018a). ERP data are based on Census data that have been adjusted for undercounting.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2018a. Census of Population and Housing: details of over count and undercount, Australia, 2016. ABS cat. No.2940.0. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2018b. Estimates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, June 2016: ABS cat. no. 3238.0.55.001. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Canberra: ABS.

Description

• Percentage of Indigenous population in each age group


• Percentage of non-Indigenous population in each age group

Age groups: 0–4 years, 5–14 years, 15–24 years, 25–44 years, 45–64 years, 65 and over

Data periods

30 June 2016 for the following region types: SA2, SA3, IREG, States and Territories and Australia

August 9 2016 (Census night) for the following region type: IARE

Data sources

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Estimated Resident Population (ERP) data (2016 Census-based) for the following region types: SA2, SA3, IREG, States and Territories and Australia

ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2019a) for the following region type: IARE

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2, Statistical Areas Level 3, States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rule

Percentages have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

Population estimates are used for all region types and are sourced from an ABS publication (ABS 2018b). These are Estimated Resident Population (ERP) data based on results of the 2016 Census of Population and Housing, with adjustments for net undercount as measured by the Post Enumeration Survey. ERP data by age were not available for all region types. In the absence of these estimates, ABS 2016 Census counts were used to calculate proportions. 

Data are based on place of usual residence (that is, the place where a person usually lives). It may or may not be the place the person was counted on Census night.

The denominator for Indigenous Australians is the total (all ages) Indigenous population in the selected region, and the denominator for non-Indigenous Australians is the total (all ages) non-Indigenous population in the region.

Indigenous identification    

In the data shown, 'Indigenous' refers to people identified as being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin. The information could be provided directly by the individual, or by someone else on their behalf. 'Non-Indigenous' refers to those who were not of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander origin.

People for whom information on Indigenous status was not stated were excluded from the analysis. In the 2016 Census, Indigenous status was not stated for 6.0% of the population.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS. 

ABS 2019b. Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016 . Canberra: ABS. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

• Indigenous males as a proportion of total Indigenous population


• Indigenous females as a proportion of total Indigenous population

Data period

30 June 2016 for the following region types: SA2, SA3, IREG, States and Territories and Australia

August 9 2016 (Census night) for the following region type: IARE

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Estimated Resident Population (ERP) data (2016 Census-based) for the following region types: SA2, SA3, IREG, States and Territories and Australia.

ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2019a) for the following region type: IARE

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2, Statistical Areas Level 3, States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs) Suppression rules

Suppression rule

Percentages have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

Population estimates are used for all region types and are sourced from an ABS publication (ABS 2018b). These are Estimated Resident Population (ERP) data based on results of the 2016 Census of Population and Housing, with adjustments for net undercount as measured by the Post Enumeration Survey.

ERP data by age were not available for all region types. In the absence of these estimates ABS 2016 Census counts were used to calculate proportions. 

Data are based on place of usual residence (that is, the place where a person usually lives). It may or may not be the place the person was counted on Census night.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS. 

ABS 2019b. Census of Population and Housing: Reflecting Australia - Stories from the Census, 2016. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

Projected population, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, 2016 to 2020 (Series B projections)

Data source

The base population is the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander estimated resident population of Australia at 30 June 2016, derived from 2016 Census counts of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, adjusted for net undercount as measured by the Post Enumeration Survey (PES)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Regions (IREGs)

Reference material

ABS 2019c. Estimates and Projections, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, 2006 to 2032. ABS cat. no. 3238.0. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 21 November 2020.

Description

• Number of Indigenous households


• Average number of people per dwelling in Indigenous households

Data period

August 9 2016 (Census night)

Data source

ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2019a)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical area 2, Statistical area 3, State/territory, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the total number of Indigenous population (ERP) was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

Data are based on place of usual residence (that is, the place where a person usually lives). It may or may not be the place the person was counted on Census night. 

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no.2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. Census of Population and Housing: Characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, 2016. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

• Proportion of Indigenous Australian who speak an Indigenous language at home

Data period

August 9 2016 (Census night)

Data source

ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2019a)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2, Statistical Areas Level 3, States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been suppressed if language spoken at home was not stated for >50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if language spoken at home was not stated for 25% –50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

The denominator for the proportions is total number of respondents, excluding those for whom information on language spoken at home was not stated.

Data are based on responses to the Census question: ‘Does the person speak a language other than English at Home?’ Where the answer was yes, the respondent was asked to specify the language. Only one response could be provided, with the instructions indicating that if more than one language other than English is spoken, they should write the one that is spoken most often. 

Data are based on place of usual residence (that is, the place where a person usually lives). It may or may not be the place the person was counted on Census night. 

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no.2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. Census of Population and Housing: Characteristics of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians, 2016. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

• Proportion of Indigenous Australians in the specified equivalised weekly household income group


• Proportion of non-Indigenous Australians in the specified equivalised weekly household income group

Income groups: $0-$299; $300-$499; $500-$799; $800-$1249; $1250 or more

Data period

August 9 2016 (Census night)

Data source

ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2019)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2, Statistical Areas Level 3, States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been suppressed if household income was not stated for >50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if household income was not stated for 25% –50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

The denominator for Indigenous population is total number of Indigenous respondents, excluding those for whom information on income was not stated. The denominator for non-Indigenous population is total number of non-Indigenous respondents, excluding those for whom information on income was not stated.

Data are based on the Census variable Equivalised Total Household Income (weekly) (HIED) (see ABS 2016).

Equivalised household income is an indicator of the economic resources available to a ‘standardised household’ that takes into account variations in household size and composition.  For a one-person household, it is equal to income received. For a household comprising more than 1 person, it is an indicator of the household income that a one-person household would require to enjoy the same level of economic wellbeing.

Equivalised household income is derived by calculating an equivalence factor according to the 'modified OECD' equivalence scale, and then dividing income by that factor. The equivalence factor is built up by allocating points to each person in a household (1 point to the first adult, 0.5 points to each additional person who is 15 years and over, and 0.3 to each child under the age of 15) and then summing the equivalence points of all household members (ABS 2016).

Reference material

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS. 

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary. Canberra: ABS.

Description

• Median total household weekly income of Indigenous households ($/week)

Data period

August 9 2016 (Census night)

Data source

ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2019)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2, Statistical Areas Level 3, States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the total number of Indigenous population (ERP) was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Reference material

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS. 

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary. Canberra: ABS.

Description

• Percentage of the Indigenous and non-Indigenous population living in each quartile of households—ranked by the Index of household advantage and disadvantage

Data period
Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source
Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016. Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported
Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2, Statistical Areas Level 3, States and Territories, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Areas (IAREs), Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rule
Percentages have been suppressed where the summed number of residents in each quartile was less than 75.

Notes

Data are based on place of usual residence, including only occupied private dwellings.

Data include only people who were at home on Census night.

Data have been randomly adjusted (perturbed) by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Percentages have been calculated using the summed number of residents in each quartile as the denominator, rather than the perturbed totals, to ensure percentages sum to 100%.

Reference material
ABS 2019. Experimental Index of Household Advantage and Disadvantage, 2016. Canberra: ABS.

Description

SEIFA Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage (IRSD)

Data source

ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2019)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical area 2

Suppression rules

If an SA2 meets one or more of the following criteria, the area does not receive an index score:

• has no usual addresses


• the usual resident population is less than or equal to 10


• the area is classified as off-shore or migratory


• there are fewer than 6 employed persons


• there are fewer than 6 classifiable occupied private dwellings


• the proportion of people in private dwellings is less than or equal to 20%


• the denominator of a variable in the index is less than 6

Notes

Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA) is an ABS product that ranks areas in Australia according to relative socio-economic advantage and disadvantage. The indexes are based on information from the five-yearly Census of Population and Housing (ABS 2016a). The Index of Relative Socio-economic Disadvantage (IRSD) is a general socio-economic index that summarises a range of information about the economic and social conditions of people and households within an area. Unlike the other indexes, this index includes only measures of relative disadvantage. A low score indicates relatively greater disadvantage in general.

SEIFA indexes are assigned to areas, not to individuals. They indicate the collective socio-economic status of the people living in an area. A relatively disadvantaged area is likely to have a high proportion of relatively disadvantaged people. However, such an area is also likely to contain people who are not disadvantaged, as well as people who are relatively advantaged.

Due to non-response and low population levels in some SA2s, some areas does not receive an index score (ABS 2016b).

Reference material

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS. 

ABS 2016a. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2016b. Census of Population and Housing: Socio-Economic Indexes for Areas (SEIFA), Australia, 2016. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 22 November 2019.

Description

• Highest year of school completed by Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.


• Highest year of school completed by non-Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.

Level of school completion: year 12 or equivalent, year 11 or equivalent, year 10 or equivalent, year 9 or below.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016 (ABS 2016)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people for whom information on highest year of school completed was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019). Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no. 2037.0.30.001. Canberra: ABS.

Description

• Highest non-school qualification completed by Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.


• Highest non-school qualification completed by non-Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over, with level of completion presented as a percentage of all those in the age group.

Level of non-school qualification: bachelor degree or above, advanced diploma or diploma, certificate-level.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG).

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose level of non-school qualification was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

• Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over that had completed Year 12 or above, including non-school qualifications from Certificate III & IV Level and above.


• Percentage of non-Indigenous Australians aged 20 and over that had completed Year 12 or above, including non-school qualifications from Certificate III & IV Level and above.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose level of non-school qualification was not stated or inadequately described. Denominator for the percentages also excludes certain people for whom information on highest year of school completed was not stated—those whose highest level of non-school qualification was Certificate I, II or not further defined.


• Note that the derivation of this measure differs slightly from that used to measure Year 12 completion (or equivalent) for the National Agreement on Closing the Gap.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Understanding the Census and Census Data, Australia , 2016, November 2017: ABS cat. no. 2900.0. Viewed 18 May 2021.

Description

Percentage of Australians aged 15–64 who were in the labour force.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016 (ABS 2016)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The labour force is made up of all people who are employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).


• Denominator for the percentages excludes people aged 15–64 whose labour force status was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• The extent of undercoverage of Indigenous Australians in the 2016 Census, together with the relatively small sample size of the Post Enumeration Survey to adjust for that undercoverage, means the estimates (ERPs) should be interpreted with a degree of caution.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

ABS 2019. Microdata: Census of Population and Housing, 2016. ABS cat. no.2037.0.30.001. Findings based on Census TableBuilder Pro analysis. Canberra: ABS.

Description

• Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15–64 who were in the labour force by sex.


• Percentage of non-Indigenous Australians aged 15–64 who were in the labour force by sex.

Sex categories: females, males, persons

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data sources

• Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2016 census-based estimated resident population (ERP) data (2016 Census-based at 30 June 2016) for the following region types: Indigenous Regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia


• ERP data by age were not available for all region types. In the absence of these estimates, ABS 2016 Census of Population and Housing counts have been used for the following region types: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE).

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: SA2, SA3, SA4, States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: ILOC, IARE, IREG

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The labour force is made up of all people who are employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).


• Denominator for the percentages excludes people aged 15–64 whose labour force status was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• The extent of undercoverage of Indigenous Australians in the 2016 Census, together with the relatively small sample size of the Post Enumeration Survey to adjust for that undercoverage, means the estimates (ERPs) should be interpreted with a degree of caution.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15–64 in the labour force by age: 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The labour force is made up of all people who are employed or unemployed (actively looking for work).


• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose labour force status was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Description

• The unemployment rate among Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over who were in labour force.


• The unemployment rate among non-Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over who were in labour force.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• The unemployment rate is the percentage of the labour force that is measured as unemployed. The labour force is a measure of the economically active population, that is, employed people plus unemployed people.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Labour Statistics: Concepts, Sources and Methods, Feb 2018: ABS cat. no. 6102.0.55.001. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Description

• Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over whose personal weekly income falls in the specified weekly income category.


• Percentage of non-Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over whose personal weekly income falls in the specified weekly income category.

Weekly income categories: Nil or negative, $1-$299, $300-$499, $500-$799, $800+.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes people whose information on personal income was not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Understanding the Census and Census Data, Australia , 2016, November 2017: ABS cat. no. 2900.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

Description

Median personal weekly income for Indigenous Australians aged 15 years and over

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

N/A

Notes

All persons who interacted with the Australian taxation system for the 2011-12 to 2017-18 financial years and for whom personal income is identified.

This includes persons who have lodged Individual Tax Returns (ITR) within 16 months of the end of the financial year or who received Pay As You Go (PAYG) payment summaries from an employer in that year.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Understanding the Census and Census Data, Australia , 2016, November 2017: ABS cat. no. 2900.0. Viewed 25 May 2021.

ABS 2020. Personal Income in Australia methodology 2020, Canberra: ABS. Viewed 13 May 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over who were employed by type of occupation: managers, professionals, technicians/trade, community/personal service, clerical/admin, sales, machinery operators/drivers, labourers.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2), Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), Statistical Areas Level 4 (SA4), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Locations (ILOC), Indigenous Areas (IARE), Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25-<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians aged less than 15 year old and those aged 15 and over whose information on occupation category was not stated or adequately described.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016, ABS cat. no.2901.0. Viewed 21 November 2019.

Description

• Life expectancy at birth for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males.


• Life expectancy at birth for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander females.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Deaths Collection (ABS 2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA & NT only), Australia

Notes

Life expectancy at birth is a summary indicator of how long, on average, a group of newborn babies could expect to live if current death rates at each age remained unchanged (ABS 2018). Life expectancy is an average value, not an exact measure of how long any individual will actually live; death rates in the population will change during a person’s lifetime and a person may die at an earlier or older age.

Life expectancy is calculated using life tables, which show the probability of dying at each age group based on deaths data and population estimates. Life expectancy can be calculated for any age using life tables, though life expectancy at birth is a common choice as a summary indicator.

The quality of life expectancy estimates depends on having complete and accurate data on the average number of deaths that occur in a period (by sex and age), and reliable estimates of the population (at the mid-point of the period) exposed to the risk of dying. While it is considered likely that the majority of deaths of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians are registered, some of these deaths are not identified as Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander when they are registered (for example, because a person's Indigenous status is not reported during the deaths registration process). The quality of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification in deaths data varies across state/territory collections, geography and over time.

With regards to the population estimates, the extent of undercoverage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians in the 2016 Census and the relatively small sample size of the Post Enumeration Survey to adjust for that undercoverage means the estimates should be interpreted with a degree of caution (ABS 2016).

The estimates shown in the Regional Overview for Australia are the ABS’ ‘headline estimates’ — these are estimates that take into account differences in Indigenous identification by age. This method improves the accuracy, but could only be used for national-level estimates, due to insufficient sample from the Post Enumeration Survey to accurately calculate age-specific identification rates. Life expectancy estimates for states/territories are also presented, but these assume uniform identification by age. Due to the different methodologies, life expectancy estimates for the states/territory are not directly comparable with the life expectancy estimates for Australia.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Estimates of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians methodology. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 28 April 2021.

ABS 2018. Life tables for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Viewed 11 May 2020.

Description

• Median age at death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males.


• Median age at death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander females.

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA and the NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the 6 months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).

Description

• Rate of deaths from all causes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders males (per 100,000 population, crude).


• Rate of deaths from all causes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders females (per 100,000 population, crude).

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Rates are expressed as an average or annual rate over the 5-year period.

Description

Rate of deaths from all causes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (per 100,000 population) for ages: Under 1, 1–14, 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55–64, 65+.

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Rates are expressed as an average or annual rate over the 5-year period.

Description

Rate of deaths from all causes by Indigenous status (per 100,000 population, age-standardised.

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Rates were age-standardised to the Australian 2001 standard population using 10-year age groups beginning at 0–14 and ending at 75+.


• Rates are expressed as an average or annual rate over the 5-year period.

Description

• Percentage of deaths from selected broad causes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.


• Rate of deaths from selected broad causes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (per 100,000 population, crude).

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Broad causes of death were based on ICD-10 codes for the underlying cause of death (the disease or injury that initiated the train of events leading directly to death):
  
  
  
  • Cancer and other neoplasms (C00–D48)
  
  
  • Endocrine, metabolic and nutritional disorders (E00­­–E90)
  
  
  • Circulatory diseases (I00–I99)
  
  
  • Respiratory diseases (J00–J99)
  
  
  • Digestive diseases (K00–K93)
  
  
  • External causes (V01–Y98)
  
  
  • Other broad causes (all remaining causes of death)
  
  
  
  


• Rates are expressed as an average or annual rate over the 5-year period.

Reference material

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2021. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva: WHO. Viewed 12 May 2021.

Description

Rate of deaths from the 5 leading specific causes of death, nationally, for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (per 100,000 population, crude).

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Specific causes of death were based on ICD-10 codes for the underlying cause of death (the disease or injury that initiated the train of events leading directly to death). The 5 leading causes of death for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander persons in 2014–2018 were:
  
  
  
  • Coronary heart disease (I20–I25)
  
  
  • Diabetes (E10–E14)
  
  
  • Lung cancer (C33, C34)
  
  
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (J40–J44)
  
  
  • Intentional self-harm (suicide) (X60–X84, Y87.0)
  
  
  
  


• Death records registered in years 2016 to 2018 have not been finalised by the ABS, as such the data are subject to change. This particularly affects the suicide data.


• Rates are expressed as an average or annual rate over the 5-year period.

Reference material

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2021. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva: WHO. Viewed 12 May 2021.

Description

Percentage of deaths that were potentially avoidable among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 0–74.

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Potentially avoidable deaths are defined as avoidable through individualised care and/or treatable through existing primary or hospital care (see ‘Reference material’ for a list of ICD-10 codes and criteria). Deaths among persons aged 75 and over are not considered potentially avoidable.


• The denominators used to calculate the percentage of deaths that were potentially avoidable included only deaths for persons aged 0–74 at age of death.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. National Healthcare Agreement: PI 16–Potentially avoidable deaths, 2020. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 12 May 2021.

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2021. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva: WHO. Viewed 12 May 2021.

Description

Percentage of deaths that were potentially avoidable among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males, females and persons, aged 0–74.

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Potentially avoidable deaths are defined as avoidable through individualised care and/or treatable through existing primary or hospital care (see ‘Reference material’ for a list of ICD-10 codes and criteria). Deaths among persons aged 75 and over are not considered potentially avoidable.


• The denominators used to calculate the percentage of deaths that were potentially avoidable included only deaths for persons aged 0–74 at age of death.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. National Healthcare Agreement: PI 16–Potentially avoidable deaths, 2020. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 12 May 2021.

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2021. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva: WHO. Viewed 12 May 2021.

Description

Rate of potentially avoidable deaths for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander males, females and persons (per 100,000 population, aged 0–74, crude).

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Potentially avoidable deaths are defined as avoidable through individualised care and/or treatable through existing primary or hospital care (see ‘Reference material’ for a list of ICD-10 codes and criteria). Deaths among persons aged 75 and over are not considered potentially avoidable.


• Rates are expressed as an average or annual rate over the 5-year period.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. National Healthcare Agreement: PI 16–Potentially avoidable deaths, 2020. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 12 May 2021.

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2021. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva: WHO. Viewed 12 May 2021.

Description

Rate of potentially avoidable deaths by Indigenous status (per 100,000 population, aged 0–74).

Data source

AIHW National Mortality Database – deaths registered in years 2014 to 2018. Snapshots: 2014, 2015 and 2016 – Final; 2017 – Revised; 2018 – Preliminary

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories (NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT only), combined NSW, Qld, WA, SA & NT

Suppression rules

No suppressions necessary.

Notes

• Deaths are reported based on the region of usual residence in the six months prior to death.


• Data for Victoria, Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory have been excluded in line with national reporting guidelines, due to inconsistencies in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identification.


• Deaths with Indigenous status ‘not stated’ have not been included in this analysis (0.6% of all deaths in scope).


• Potentially avoidable deaths are defined as avoidable through individualised care and/or treatable through existing primary or hospital care (see ‘Reference material’ for a list of ICD-10 codes and criteria). Deaths among persons aged 75 and over are not considered potentially avoidable.


• Rates were age-standardised to the Australian 2001 standard population using 10-year age groups beginning at 0–14 and ending at 65–74.


• Rates are expressed as an average or annual rate over the 5-year period.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. National Healthcare Agreement: PI 16–Potentially avoidable deaths, 2020. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 12 May 2021.

World Health Organisation (WHO) 2021. International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision. Geneva: WHO. Viewed 12 May 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over exceeding single occasion alcohol risk guidelines over the last 12 months by sex.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and territories, Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians for whom information on alcohol consumption was not stated.

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a). Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Alcohol consumption risk level is based on the 2009 National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) guidelines for reducing health risks associated with the consumption of alcohol. For short-term/single occasion risk, this is more than 4 standard drinks on any single occasion over last 12 months. A single occasion of drinking refers to a person consuming a sequence of drinks without their blood alcohol concentration reaching zero in-between.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over exceeding lifetime alcohol risk guidelines over the last 12 months by sex.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory; Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians whose information on alcohol consumption was not stated.

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a). Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Risk level is based on the 2009 National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) guidelines for reducing health risks associated with the consumption of alcohol. For short-term/single occasion risk, this is more than 4 standard drinks on any single occasion over the last 12 months. A single occasion of drinking refers to a person consuming a sequence of drinks without their blood alcohol concentration reaching zero in-between. For lifetime risk, this is more than 2 standard drinks per day on average over the last 12 months.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over who are current tobacco smoker.

Data sources

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory, Australia

Non-Indigenous proportions are only reported in Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory, Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).

Current smokers include persons who smoke tobacco daily, persons who smoke at least once a week but not daily, and those who smoked less than weekly.

Denominator for the proportions excludes Indigenous Australians whose status of smoking was not stated.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Proportions for Indigenous Australians are based on ABS NATSIHS 2018–19 data, while those for non-Indigenous Australians are based on NHS 2017–18 data.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over who are current tobacco smokers by sex.

Data sources

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory, Australia

Non-Indigenous proportions are only reported in Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory, Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).

Current smokers include persons who smoke tobacco daily, persons who smoke at least once a week but not daily, and those who smoked less than weekly.

Denominator for the proportions excludes Indigenous Australians whose status of smoking was not stated.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Proportions for Indigenous Australians are based on ABS NATSIHS 2018–19 data, while those for non-Indigenous Australians are based on NHS 2017–18 data.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over by type: daily smoker, less than daily smoker, ex–smoker, never smoked.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory; Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).

Less than daily smokers include persons who smoke at least once a week but not daily, and those who smoked less than daily.

Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians whose smoking status was not stated.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

• Percentage of First Nations people who were overweight or obese.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who were overweight or obese, by sex.

Data sources

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory, Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).

Body Mass Index (BMI), which is an index of weight-for-height, was used to classify people as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese. 

Data are based on measured height and weight, with data imputed for those who did not have measurements taken. In 2018–19, height and/or weight measurements were not taken for 54% of Indigenous children aged 2–17, and 40% of Indigenous adults aged 18 and over. For these respondents, blood pressure was imputed by the ABS using a number of characteristics (see ABS 2019 for details).

While the formula to calculate BMI scores is the same for adults and children, the classification of children's BMI is different to that of persons aged 18 years and over, and takes into account individual age and sex. For children aged 2 to 17, two measured BMI data items were available: one using a half-year cut-off, and one using a whole year cut-off (see ABS 2019 ‘Appendix – assessing health risk factors’ for details). This analysis uses the half-year cut-off.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who were overweight or obese, by age group: 2–17, 18–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55 and over.

Data sources

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory, Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).

Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians whose BMI status was not known.

Body Mass Index (BMI), which is an index of weight-for-height, was used to classify people as underweight, normal weight, overweight or obese. 

Data are based on measured height and weight, with data imputed for those who did not have measurements taken. In 2018–19, height and/or weight measurements were not taken for 54% of Indigenous children aged 2–17, and 40% of Indigenous adults aged 18 and over. For these respondents, blood pressure was imputed by the ABS using a number of characteristics (see ABS 2019 for details).

While the formula to calculate BMI scores is the same for adults and children, the classification of children's BMI is different to that of persons aged 18 years and over, and takes into account individual age and sex. For children aged 2 to 17, two measured BMI data items were available: one using a half-year cut-off, and one using a whole year cut-off (see ABS 2019 ‘Appendix – assessing health risk factors’ for details). This analysis uses the half-year cut-off.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 12 and over who usually consume 3 to 4 daily serves of fruit.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory; Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a). Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians whose information on vegetables intake was not stated.

Less than one serve includes Indigenous Australians who reported they did not eat vegetables.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 12 and over who usually consume 3 to 4 daily serves of vegetables.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory; Australia

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a). Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians whose information on vegetables intake was not stated.

Less than one serve includes Indigenous Australians who reported they did not eat vegetables.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (18+) with high blood pressure (140/90 mmHg or higher), by sex.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2018–19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (see ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: State/territory, Australia

ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREGs)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10% and 15%.

Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15%, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).

Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians whose information on blood pressure was not stated.

Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

High blood pressure includes high (140/90 to <160/110 mmHg), very high (160/110 to <180/110 mmHg) and severe (from 180/110 mmHg).

A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Proportion of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 4–14 who were physically active everyday for at least 60 minutes in the last week.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2014–15 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Survey (AIHW & NIAA 2020)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia

Notes

• Denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous Australians whose information on physical activity was not applicable, not known or not stated.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW) & National Indigenous Australians Agency (NIAA) 2020. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Performance Framework: measure 2.18 Physical activity. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 November 2022.

Description

Number of hospital separations (excluding dialysis) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.

Data source

The National Hospital Morbidity Database, 2014–15 and 2015–16

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the number was less than 5 for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.

Notes

• Data are based on the usual residence of the patient – not on the location of the hospital.


• Separations with the care types “newborn with unqualified days only” (7.3), “organ procurement - posthumous” (9) or “hospital boarder” (10) were excluded from the analysis.

Reference material

AIHW 2016. Data quality statement: National Hospital Morbidity Database 2014–15. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 29 January 2021.

AIHW 2019. Data quality statement: Admitted Patient Care 2015–16. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 29 January 2021.

Description

Hospital separations per 1,000 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (excluding dialysis).

Data source

The National Hospital Morbidity Database, 2014–15 and 2015–16

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the rate was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if the numerator for the rate was less than 5 for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.

Notes

• The population used as denominators for the calculation of rates were the weighted population estimation and projections for 2014, 2015, and 2016. The population estimation and projections were calculated by age, sex and Indigenous status by AIHW.


• Data are based on the usual residence of the patient – not on the location of the hospital.


• Separations with the care types “newborn with unqualified days only” (7.3), “organ procurement - posthumous” (9) or “hospital boarder” (10) were excluded from the analysis.

Reference material

AIHW 2016. Data quality statement: National Hospital Morbidity Database 2014–15. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 29 January 2021.

AIHW 2019. Data quality statement: Admitted Patient Care 2015–16. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 29 January 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 2 and over currently diagnosed with a long-term mental health condition by sex.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 ( ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Data are for people aged 2 and over.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people experiencing current long-term health conditions (self-reported).

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a). Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians.


• Long-term health condition data includes following condition status categories: ‘Ever told has condition, still current and long-term’ and ‘Not known or not ever told, but condition current and long-term’.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with long-term ear/hearing problems.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 ( ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people reporting long-term ear/hearing problems by sex.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people reporting long-term ear/hearing problems by age groups: 0–14, 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55 and over, all ages.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians.


• Age-specific percentages of Indigenous Australians with ear/hearing problems are reported in selected regions: state/territory and national level.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people reporting long-term eye/sight problems.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people reporting long-term eye/sight problems, by sex.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 ( ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people reporting long-term eye/sight problems by age groups: 0–24, 25–44, 45 and over, all ages.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 ( ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians.


• Age-specific percentages of Indigenous Australians with eye/sight problems are reported in selected regions: state/territory and national level.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 and over by self-assessed health status category: poor, fair, good, very good, excellent.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over.


• Numerator for the percentages is restricted to Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with very good or excellent self-assessed health status.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over.


• Numerator for the percentages is restricted to Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with very good or excellent self-assessed health status by age groups: 15–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55 and over.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes all Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over.


• Numerator for the percentages is restricted to Indigenous Australians aged 15 and over.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (18 and over) reporting high level psychological distress.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes Indigenous Australians aged 18 and over.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander adults (18+) reporting high level psychological distress by age group: 18–24, 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, 55 and over.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators. Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Denominator for the percentages includes Indigenous Australians aged 18 and over.


• Age-specific percentages of Indigenous Australians aged 18 and over with high levels of psychological distress are reported in selected regions: state/territory, remoteness (5 areas), and national level.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Percentage of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 2+ reporting being diagnosed with drug/alcohol dependence.

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey, 2018–19 (ABS 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been flagged as use with caution if the margin of error was between 10 and 15 percentage points.


• Data have been suppressed if the margin of error was above 15 percentage points, or where a margin of error could not be reliably calculated (see ‘Notes’).

Notes

• Data are based on AIHW analysis of ABS microdata (ABS 2019a).


• Estimates have been rounded and discrepancies may occur between sums of the component items and totals. Data excludes ‘Not Stated’ responses.


• The denominator is total respondents.


• A margin of error (MOE) was calculated for each percentage at the 95% confidence level. At the 95% confidence level, the MOE indicates that the probability that the estimated percentage would differ by less than the specified margin of error from the true population value (the percentage obtained if data about the whole population were available) is about 95%. Percentages with a margin of error greater than 10 percentage points have been flagged as interpret with caution and/or suppressed (see ‘Suppression rules’). In some cases, the relative standard error of the percentage, used to derive the MOE, was suppressed in the ABS source data due to reliability and/or confidentiality concerns (ABS 2019c). In these cases, the ABS considers the associated percentages too unreliable for general use. Accordingly, when the MOE could not be calculated, the percentage in the Regional overview has been suppressed.

Reference material

ABS 2019a. Microdata: National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS), 2018–19. ABS cat. no. 4715.0.55.001. Findings based on TableBuilder analysis. Canberra: ABS.

ABS 2019b. National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

ABS 2019c. TableBuilder, User Guide – Relative standard error. ABS cat. no. 1406.0.55.005. Canberra: ABS. Viewed 20 April 2021.

Description

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander hospitalisation separations per 1,000 population due to injury and poisoning.

Data source

The National Hospital Morbidity Database, 2015–16 and 2016–17 (AIHW 2019a, 2019b)

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the rate was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if the numerator for the rate was less than 5 for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.

Notes

• The category of injury and poisoning includes ICD-10-AM codes: S00–T98.


• The population used as denominators for the calculation of rates were the weighted population estimation and projections for 2015, 2016, and 2017. The population estimation and projections were calculated by age, sex and Indigenous status by AIHW.


• Data are based on the usual residence of the patient – not on the location of the hospital.


• Separations with the care types “newborn with unqualified days only” (7.3), “organ procurement - posthumous” (9) or “hospital boarder” (10) were excluded from the analysis.

Reference material

AIHW 2019a. Data quality statement: Admitted Patient Care 2015 – 16. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 29 January 2021.

AIHW 2019b. Data quality statement: Admitted Patient Care 2016 – 17. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 29 January 2021.

Description

Number of Indigenous households (occupied private dwellings with at least one usual resident identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander).

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Notes

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have been under enumerated in the Census and therefore, estimates of the number of Indigenous households based on Census data will be an underestimation, especially in areas with lower Census completion.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material:

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Number of Indigenous households (occupied private dwellings with at least one usual resident identified as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander) as a proportion of total households (occupied private dwellings).

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Notes

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have been underenumerated in the Census and therefore, estimates of the number of Indigenous households based on Census data will be an underestimation, especially in areas with lower Census completion.


• Households where the Indigenous status of usual residents was not stated are included in the total.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material:

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

The proportion of Indigenous households by household composition (type of household within a dwelling).

Data period:

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules:

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

• Household composition indicates whether a family is present or not and whether or not other unrelated household members are present.
  
  
  
  • A family is defined by the ABS as two or more persons, one of whom is at least 15 years of age, who are related by blood, marriage (registered or de facto), adoption, step or fostering, and who are usually resident in the same household.
  
  
  • Each separately identified couple relationship, lone parent-child relationship or other blood relationship forms the basis of a family. Some households contain more than one family.
  
  
  • Non-related persons living in the same household are not counted as family members (unless under 15 years of age).
  
  
  • Other related individuals (brothers, sisters, aunts, uncles) may be present in the household. If more than one family is present these people can only be associated with the primary family.
  
  
  
  


• If more than three families are found in a household, only three families are separately classified and any other people are classified as either related family members or non-family members as appropriate.


• A person is coded as an ‘Unrelated individual living in a family household’ if they are not related to any other members of the household, but other household members are related to one another. Family type and other family variables are ‘Not applicable’ for such people, but their household composition will be ‘Family households’.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households which could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households which could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

The proportion of Indigenous families (where at least one member of the family is identified as being of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander origin) by family composition (based on familial relationships).

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: Statistical Areas Level 3 (SA3), States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

• The Family Composition variable distinguishes between different types of families based on the presence or absence of couple relationships, parent-child relationships, child dependency relationships or other familial relationships, in that order of preference.
  
  
  
  • A family is defined by the ABS as two or more persons, one of whom is at least 15 years of age, who are related by blood, marriage (registered or de facto), adoption, step or fostering, and who are usually resident in the same household.
  
  
  • Each separately identified couple relationship, lone parent-child relationship or other blood relationship forms the basis of a family. Some households contain more than one family.
  
  
  • Non-related persons living in the same household are not counted as family members (unless under 15 years of age).
  
  
  • Other related individuals (brothers, sisters, aunts, uncles) may be present in the household. If more than one family is present these people can only be associated with the primary family.
  
  
  
  


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

The proportion of Indigenous households by the number of usual residents.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households that owned their home.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported:

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• ‘Owned' homes include those owned without a mortgage, owned with a mortgage, and those being purchased under a shared equity scheme.


• Denominator excludes households for which tenure type or landlord type was not stated.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households which could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households which could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material:

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households that were renting their home from a private or other landlord.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• ‘Rented (Private and other landlord)’ homes include those being rented from a real estate agent, person not in the same household, or other landlord type.


• Denominator excludes households for which tenure type or landlord type was not stated.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households which could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households which could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households that were renting their home from Government housing or another social housing group.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• ‘Rented (Social housing)’ homes include those being rented from a state/territory housing authority, housing co-operative, community or church group.


• Denominator excludes households for which tenure type or landlord type was not stated.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households which could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households which could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households by tenure and landlord type.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• ‘Owned’ homes include those owned without a mortgage, owned with a mortgage, and those being purchased under a shared equity scheme.


• ‘Rented (Private and other landlord)’ homes include those being rented from a real estate agent, person not in the same household, or other landlord type.


• ‘Rented (Social housing)’ homes include those being rented from a state/territory housing authority, housing co-operative, community or church group.


• Denominator excludes households for which tenure type or landlord type was not stated.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households by weekly household rent, among households rented from private and other landlord types.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Includes homes being rented from a real estate agent, person not in the same household, or other landlord type.


• Values reflect Australian dollars in August 2016.


• Nil payments are included in ‘Less than $125’.


• Excludes households for which rent value was not stated.


• Excludes households for which landlord type was not stated.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households by weekly household rent, among households rented from social housing.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• Includes homes being rented from a state/territory housing authority, housing co-operative, community or church group.


• Values reflect Australian dollars in August 2016.


• Nil payments are included in ‘Less than $125’.


• Excludes households for which rent value was not stated.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households in appropriately sized housing (with no extra bedrooms needed to accommodate the usual residents).

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• This measure is based on the Housing Suitability variable, which compares the number of bedrooms in a dwelling with a series of household demographics, such as the number of usual residents, their relationship to each other, age and sex. The criteria are based on the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS).


• Appropriately sized housing means the CNOS criteria are met by the number of bedrooms.


• Excludes households for which Housing Suitability could not be determined.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households by overcrowding status.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• This measure is based on the Housing Suitability variable, which compares the number of bedrooms in a dwelling with a series of household demographics, such as the number of usual residents, their relationship to each other, age and sex. The criteria are based on the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS).


• Overcrowded households are those which would require at least one extra bedroom to accommodate the usual residents, in accordance with the CNOS.


• Excludes households for which Housing Suitability could not be determined.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households by number of extra bedrooms needed/spare.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• This measure is based on the Housing Suitability variable, which compares the number of bedrooms in a dwelling with a series of household demographics, such as the number of usual residents, their relationship to each other, age and sex. The criteria are based on the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS).


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Proportion of Indigenous households by number of extra bedrooms needed.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), Indigenous Areas (IARE)

Suppression rules

• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.


• Data have been suppressed if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 50% or more of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.


• Data have been flagged as interpret with caution if responses to the relevant data item(s) were not stated or adequately described for 25–<50% of the relevant population, due to relatively high exposure to potential bias.

Notes

• This measure is based on the Housing Suitability variable, which compares the number of bedrooms in a dwelling with a series of household demographics, such as the number of usual residents, their relationship to each other, age and sex. The criteria are based on the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS).


• Excludes households for which Housing Suitability could not be determined.


• Non-classifiable households were excluded. These include visitor only households, occupied households that could not be contacted, households containing only persons aged under 15, households that could not be classified because there was insufficient information on the Census form.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2016. Census of Population and Housing: Census Dictionary, 2016, August 2016: ABS cat. no. 2901.0.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Estimated number of Indigenous Australians who were counted as homeless on Census night (meeting criteria of one or more of the ABS’ Homeless Operational Groups).

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the total count was under 3.

Notes

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have been underenumerated in the Census and therefore, estimates of homelessness based on Census data will be an underestimation.


• The ABS’ definition of homelessness has been developed for application to the general population in Australia.


• People counted as homeless were assigned to one of 6 Homeless Operational Groups, following an ordered hierarchy:

1. 
   
   
   
   1. Persons living in improvised dwellings, tents or sleeping out
   
   
   2. Persons living in short term supported accommodation for the homeless
   
   
   3. Persons staying temporarily with other households
   
   
   4. Persons living in boarding houses
   
   
   5. Persons living temporarily in other lodgings
   
   
   6. Persons living in severely crowded dwellings
   
   
   
   

For example, people who usually lived in severely crowded households but were living in an improvised dwelling, tent or sleeping out on Census night would be counted within the 1st operational group and not the 6th.

• The Homeless Operational Group, “Persons living in 'severely' crowded dwellings”, refers to usual residents in dwellings needing 4 or more extra bedrooms under the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS).
  
  
  
  • This group is included as homeless on the basis that individual residents are unlikely to have control of and access to space for social relations.
  
  
  • Some people in this operational group may not consider themselves to be homeless.
  
  
  • In some areas, like Very Remote parts of the Northern Territory, severe overcrowding is particularly common among Indigenous households. In such areas, Indigenous Australians enumerated in this operational group can make up over 90% of the Indigenous population counted as homeless.
  
  
  
  


• Geographical breakdowns were based on Place of Enumeration. Some people may have been away from their usual residence (where applicable) on the night of the Census.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Census of Population and Housing: Estimating homelessness, 2016, ABS, accessed 18 October 2021.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Estimated proportion of Indigenous Australians who were counted as homeless on Census night (meeting criteria of one or more of the ABS’ Homeless Operational Groups).

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have been underenumerated in the Census and therefore, estimates of homelessness based on Census data will be an underestimation.


• The ABS’ definition of homelessness has been developed for application to the general population in Australia.


• People counted as homeless were assigned to one of 6 Homeless Operational Groups, following an ordered hierarchy:

1. 
   
   
   
   1. Persons living in improvised dwellings, tents or sleeping out
   
   
   2. Persons living in short term supported accommodation for the homeless
   
   
   3. Persons staying temporarily with other households
   
   
   4. Persons living in boarding houses
   
   
   5. Persons living temporarily in other lodgings
   
   
   6. Persons living in severely crowded dwellings
   
   
   
   

For example, people who usually lived in severely crowded households but were living in an improvised dwelling, tent or sleeping out on Census night would be counted within the 1st operational group and not the 6th.

• The Homeless Operational Group, “Persons living in 'severely' crowded dwellings”, refers to usual residents in dwellings needing 4 or more extra bedrooms under the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS).
  
  
  
  • This group is included as homeless on the basis that individual residents are unlikely to have control of and access to space for social relations.
  
  
  • Some people in this operational group may not consider themselves to be homeless.
  
  
  • In some areas, like Very Remote parts of the Northern Territory, severe overcrowding is particularly common among Indigenous households. In such areas, Indigenous Australians enumerated in this operational group can make up over 90% of the Indigenous population counted as homeless.
  
  
  
  


• Geographical breakdowns were based on Place of Enumeration. Some people may have been away from their usual residence (where applicable) on the night of the Census.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Census of Population and Housing: Estimating homelessness, 2016, ABS, accessed 18 October 2021.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Estimated proportion of Indigenous Australians who were considered at risk of homelessness on Census night (meeting criteria of one or more of the ABS’ marginal housing groups).

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have been underenumerated in the Census and therefore, estimates of homelessness based on Census data will be an underestimation.


• The ABS presents, alongside the homeless estimates from the Census, estimates of the number of people in selected marginal housing circumstances. These marginal housing groups not only provide an indication of the numbers of people living in marginal housing close to the boundary of homelessness, but can also provide a possible indication of people who may be at risk of homelessness.


• Three marginal housing groups are classified from the Census:
  
  
  
  • persons living in other crowded dwellings (requiring 3 extra bedrooms to meet the CNOS)
  
  
  • persons in other improvised dwellings – that is those who were living in improvised dwellings but were not considered homeless under the rules for the group 'Persons living in improvised dwellings, tents or sleeping out'
  
  
  • persons who are marginally housed in caravan parks.
  
  
  
  


• Geographical breakdowns were based on Place of Enumeration. Some people may have been away from their usual residence (where applicable) on the night of the Census.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Census of Population and Housing: Estimating homelessness, 2016, ABS, accessed 18 October 2021.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Estimated proportion of Indigenous Australians who were counted as homeless or considered at risk of homelessness on Census night.

Data period

Census night (9 August) 2016

Data source

Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Census of Population and Housing 2016

Region types reported

• Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 Main Structure regions: States and Territories, Australia


• ASGS 2016 Indigenous structure regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG)

Suppression rules

Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominators.

Notes

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have been underenumerated in the Census and therefore, estimates of homelessness based on Census data will be an underestimation.


• The ABS’ definition of homelessness has been developed for application to the general population in Australia.


• People counted as homeless were assigned to one of 6 Homeless Operational Groups, following an ordered hierarchy:

1. 
   
   
   
   1. Persons living in improvised dwellings, tents or sleeping out
   
   
   2. Persons living in short term supported accommodation for the homeless
   
   
   3. Persons staying temporarily with other households
   
   
   4. Persons living in boarding houses
   
   
   5. Persons living temporarily in other lodgings
   
   
   6. Persons living in severely crowded dwellings
   
   
   
   

For example, people who usually lived in severely crowded households but were living in an improvised dwelling, tent or sleeping out on Census night would be counted within the 1st operational group and not the 6th.

• The Homeless Operational Group, “Persons living in 'severely' crowded dwellings”, refers to usual residents in dwellings needing 4 or more extra bedrooms under the Canadian National Occupancy Standard (CNOS).
  
  
  
  • This group is included as homeless on the basis that individual residents are unlikely to have control of and access to space for social relations.
  
  
  • Some people in this operational group may not consider themselves to be homeless.
  
  
  • In some areas, like Very Remote parts of the Northern Territory, severe overcrowding is particularly common among Indigenous households. In such areas, Indigenous Australians enumerated in this operational group can make up over 90% of the Indigenous population counted as homeless.
  
  
  
  


• The ABS presents, alongside the homeless estimates from the Census, estimates of the number of people in selected marginal housing circumstances. These marginal housing groups not only provide an indication of the numbers of people living in marginal housing close to the boundary of homelessness, but can also provide a possible indication of people who may be at risk of homelessness.


• Three marginal housing groups are classified from the Census:
  
  
  
  • persons living in other crowded dwellings (requiring 3 extra bedrooms to meet the CNOS)
  
  
  • persons in other improvised dwellings – that is those who were living in improvised dwellings but were not considered homeless under the rules for the group 'Persons living in improvised dwellings, tents or sleeping out'
  
  
  • persons who are marginally housed in caravan parks.
  
  
  
  


• Geographical breakdowns were based on Place of Enumeration. Some people may have been away from their usual residence (where applicable) on the night of the Census.


• Data have been randomly adjusted by the ABS to protect confidentiality. No reliance should be placed on small numbers.

Reference material

ABS 2018. Census of Population and Housing: Estimating homelessness, 2016, ABS, accessed 18 October 2021.

AIHW 2017. Canadian National Occupancy Standard [METeOR], AIHW, accessed 1 December 2021.

Description

Number of liveborn babies born to Indigenous mothers.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3 year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

Numbers less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.

Notes

The data associated with each record in the NPDC include the Statistical Areas Level 2 (SA2) of residence of the mother. The SA2 variable was used to aggregate and concord data as necessary to IREG, and States and Territories.

In the NPDC, data for 2016 are based on the 2011 ASGS, while data for 2017 and 2018 are based on the 2016 ASGS. For this analysis, 2016 data for SA2 were concorded from 2011 to 2016 ASGS boundaries before being aggregated with 2017 and 2018 SA2 data. These data were aggregated and apportioned to the reported region types.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

rdion Text

Description

Percentage of liveborn babies born to Indigenous mothers.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3 year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) 2016 regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• The denominator for the percentages excludes mothers whose Indigenous status were not stated.


• NPDC 2016 data for Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) regions based on the 2011 ASGS were reassigned to SA2 regions based on the 2016 ASGS. These data combined with NPDC 2017 and NPDC 2018 were then aggregated and apportioned to the reported region types.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous mothers who were aged under 20 at the time of giving birth.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• The denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous mothers with age not stated.


• NPDC 2016 data for Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) regions based on the 2011 ASGS were reassigned to SA2 regions based on the 2016 ASGS. These data combined with NPDC 2017 and NPDC 2018 were then aggregated and apportioned to the reported region types.


• Any Indigenous teenagers who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times as long as they were aged under 20 at the time of giving birth. Indigenous teenagers who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Number of Indigenous liveborn babies.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

Numbers less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.

Notes

• NPDC 2016 data for Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) regions based on the 2011 ASGS were reassigned to SA2 regions based on the 2016 ASGS. These data combined with NPDC 2017 and NPDC 2018 were then aggregated and apportioned to the reported region types.


• Indigenous status is based on the baby’s Indigenous status.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW.  Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of births to Indigenous mothers by mothers’ age at delivery.

Age categories: <20, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, and 35+.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rule

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of the percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• The denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous mothers with age not stated.


• NPDC 2016 data for Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) regions based on the 2011 ASGS were reassigned to SA2 regions based on the 2016 ASGS. These data combined with NPDC 2017 and NPDC 2018 were then aggregated and apportioned to the reported region types.


• Indigenous women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Indigenous women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of births to women by mothers’ age at delivery and Indigenous status.

Age categories: <20, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, and 35+.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous Regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rule

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of the percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• The denominator for the percentages excludes Indigenous and non-Indigenous mothers with age not stated.


• NPDC 2016 data for Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) regions based on the 2011 ASGS were reassigned to SA2 regions based on the 2016 ASGS. These data combined with NPDC 2017 and NPDC 2018 were then aggregated and apportioned to the reported region types.


• Indigenous women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous mothers who gave birth and attended the specified number of antenatal care visits.

Antenatal visit categories: 0 visit, 1 visit, 2–4 visits, 5 or more visits.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• Data are for women who gave birth at 32 weeks or more gestation (excluding unknown gestation).


• The denominator for the percentages excludes mothers with unknown status of attending antenatal care in the 1st trimester.


• Indigenous women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Average number of antenatal care visits for Indigenous mothers during pregnancy.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

None.

Notes

• Data are for women who gave birth at 32 weeks or more gestation (excluding unknown gestation). Excludes mothers whose number of antenatal care visits was not stated.


• Indigenous women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Age-standardised percentage of mothers who attended antenatal care in the 1st trimester of their pregnancy (that is, before 14 weeks gestational age), by Indigenous status.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the in the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.


• Age-standardised rates have been suppressed if: the denominator for any age-specific rate was less than 100; if the numerator for each age group was less than 5; or the total number of all mothers was less than 30.

Notes

• Antenatal care is a planned visit between a pregnant woman and a midwife or doctor to assess and improve the wellbeing of the mother and baby throughout pregnancy. It does not include visits where the sole purpose is to confirm the pregnancy. Also known as an antenatal visit.


• Age-standardised rates by Indigenous status are reported for the following region types: States and Territories, and Australia. For other region types (e.g. IREG), numbers are generally too small to support reliable age-standardisation.


• Age-standardised rates were directly age-standardised to the Australian female population aged 15–44 as at 30 June 2001 using 5-year age groups (i.e. 15–19, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, 40–44).


• Women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Duration of pregnancy (in weeks) at the 1st antenatal care visit for Indigenous mothers, expressed as a percentage of all Indigenous mothers.

Duration of pregnancy categories: <14 weeks; 14–19 weeks; 20 weeks or more; no antenatal care visit.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• The duration of pregnancy in completed weeks is calculated from the date of the first day of a woman’s last menstrual period and her baby’s date of birth; or via ultrasound; or derived from clinical assessment during pregnancy or from examination of the baby after birth.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes mothers for whom duration of pregnancy at the 1^st antenatal care visit was not stated.


• Indigenous women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Age-standardised percentage of mothers who smoked tobacco during pregnancy, by Indigenous status.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.


• Age-standardised rates have been suppressed if: the denominator for any age-specific rate was less than 100; if the numerator for each age group was less than 5; or the total number of all mothers  was less than 30.

Notes

• All valid data for women with a recorded smoking status who gave birth in 2016, 2017 and 2018 were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes mothers whose smoking status during pregnancy was not stated.


• Age-standardised rates by Indigenous status are reported for the following region types: States and Territories, and Australia. For other region types (e.g. IREG), numbers are too small to support reliable age-standardisation.


• Age-standardised rates were directly age-standardised to the Australian female population aged 15–44 as at 30 June 2001 using 5-year age groups (i.e. 15–19, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, 40–44).


• Women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous mothers who gave birth and smoked tobacco during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• All valid data for women with a recorded smoking status who gave birth in 2016, 2017 and 2018 were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes mothers for whom smoking status in the 1st 20 weeks of pregnancy was not stated.


• Indigenous women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous mothers gave birth and were in the specified Body Mass Index (BMI) group pre-pregnancy.

BMI categories: underweight (<18.5); normal weight (18.5–24.9); overweight (25–29.9); obese (>=30).

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• All valid data for women gave birth in 2016, 2017, and 2018 were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes mothers whose BMI was not stated.


• BMI data are based on a combination of measured and self-reported data. The methods used for data collection in states and territories is not uniform. Care must be taken when comparing across jurisdictions.


• Indigenous women who gave birth multiple times following multiple pregnancies during the three years from 2016 to 2018 were counted multiple times. Women who gave birth to multiple babies following one pregnancy were only counted once.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous singleton liveborn babies, by birthweight categories.

Birthweight categories: Healthy birthweight (2500–4499 grams), low birthweight (< 2,500 grams).

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• All valid data for liveborn singleton babies were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes babies whose birthweight was not stated.


• Indigenous status is based on the baby’s Indigenous status.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous singleton liveborn babies who had a low birthweight (< 2,500 grams).

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• All valid data for liveborn singleton babies were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes babies whose birthweight was not stated.


• Indigenous status is based on the baby’s Indigenous status.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of singleton liveborn babies who had a low birthweight (< 2,500 grams), by Indigenous status.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• All valid data for liveborn singleton babies were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes babies whose birthweight was not stated.


• Indigenous status is based on the baby’s Indigenous status.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of Indigenous singleton liveborn babies, by birthweight categories.

Birthweight categories: Healthy birthweight (2500–4499 grams), low birthweight (< 2,500 grams).

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• All valid data for liveborn singleton babies were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes babies whose birthweight was not stated.


• Indigenous status is based on the baby’s Indigenous status.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

Description

Percentage of liveborn babies who were born preterm (with gestational age less than 37 weeks), by Indigenous status.

Data source

National Perinatal Data Collection (NPDC) for the 3-year period 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2018 (2016–2018)

Region types reported

Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) regions: Indigenous regions (IREG), States and Territories, Australia

Suppression rules

• Percentages with a numerator of less than 5 have been suppressed for confidentiality reasons. Consequential suppression has also been applied where required to prevent back-calculation.


• Data have been suppressed if the denominator for the percentage was less than 100, due to concerns about the reliability of percentages based on small denominator.

Notes

• All valid data for liveborn babies were included.


• The denominator for the percentages excludes babies with preterm status not stated.


• Indigenous status is based on the baby’s Indigenous status.

Reference material

AIHW 2020. Australia's mothers and babies 2018—in brief. Cat. no. PER 108. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.

AIHW 2020. National Perinatal Data Collection, 2018: Quality Statement. Canberra: AIHW. Viewed 24 June 2020.